PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

What is the treatment approach for cholangitis?

1. Antibiotics only

2. Stone extraction and/or decompression

3. Observation and supportive care

4. Imaging and follow-up

The correct answer is: Stone extraction and/or decompression

The treatment approach for cholangitis primarily involves addressing the underlying obstruction of the bile duct, which is often caused by a stone or other blockage that leads to infection and inflammation. In this context, stone extraction and/or decompression is crucial, as it alleviates the source of the infection and facilitates proper bile drainage. This intervention can be performed through various methods, such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or surgical techniques, depending on the clinical situation and severity of the case. While antibiotics are essential in managing the infection, they are part of a broader treatment strategy that must also include the removal of the obstruction to effectively resolve the condition. Observation and supportive care may be necessary, but they do not address the root cause of cholangitis, which is the obstruction itself. Imaging and follow-up are important for diagnosis and monitoring, but they do not constitute a treatment approach for managing the acute symptoms and complications associated with cholangitis. In summary, the need to relieve the obstruction by stone extraction and/or decompression is central to the management of cholangitis, making this approach the most appropriate choice.