PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

What is the second most common type of drug eruption characterized by swelling in the skin or oropharynx?

1. Angioedema

2. Urticaria

3. Exanthematous drug eruptions

4. Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome

The correct answer is: Urticaria

Urticaria, often referred to as hives, is indeed characterized by elevated, itchy welts on the skin and can also involve swelling in the oropharynx. It is an immediate hypersensitivity reaction, frequently associated with various triggers, including medications. Urticaria can vary in duration, with acute cases resolving within days but chronic forms persisting longer. The swelling (angioedema) associated with urticaria can present in deeper layers of the skin, particularly around the eyes and lips, as well as the tissues of the throat. Angioedema itself can occur as a related condition but is specifically marked by deeper swelling and can be an aspect of urticaria, rather than a distinct eruption type. Exanthematous drug eruptions typically manifest as widespread rashes and are the most common type of drug eruption but do not primarily cause swelling. Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome encompasses a wider array of systemic symptoms, such as fever, rash, and organ dysfunction, making it a broader, albeit less common, condition. Thus, given these characteristics, urticaria stands out as the second most common drug eruption associated with the specific feature of swelling occurring primarily in the skin or oropharynx.