PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

What is the name of the embryonic tumor of renal origin that typically presents in young children?

1. Neuroblastoma

2. Wilm's Tumor

3. Hepatoblastoma

4. Rhabdomyosarcoma

The correct answer is: Wilm's Tumor

Wilm's tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, is the correct answer as it is the most common type of kidney cancer that occurs in children, typically affecting those between the ages of 1 and 5 years. This tumor arises from the embryonic renal tissue and is characterized by a recognizable clinical presentation, often including an abdominal mass that can be palpated during a physical exam. The significance of identifying Wilm's tumor lies in its favorable prognosis and well-defined treatment protocols that often involve surgery, chemotherapy, and, in some cases, radiation therapy. Early detection and treatment can lead to excellent outcomes, making awareness of this condition crucial for pediatricians and healthcare providers. Other tumors listed, while also relevant in pediatric oncology, do not typically originate from renal tissue or are less common in young children. Neuroblastoma arises from neural crest cells and primarily affects the adrenal glands and sympathetic nervous system. Hepatoblastoma originates in the liver and is most common in infants and very young children but does not have a renal origin. Rhabdomyosarcoma is a soft tissue sarcoma that can affect various muscle tissues and is not specifically tied to the renal system. Therefore, Wilm's tumor stands out as the definitive embryonic renal tumor seen