PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

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What is the medical term for an infection of the biliary tract?

Cholecystitis
Cholangitis
Choledocholithiasis
Liver abscess

The correct answer is: Cholangitis

The medical term for an infection of the biliary tract is cholangitis. Cholangitis typically refers to an infection that occurs in the bile ducts, which can be due to a blockage caused by gallstones, strictures, or tumors. This condition is characterized by symptoms such as fever, jaundice, and right upper quadrant pain, often referred to as Charcot's triad. Cholecystitis, while related to the biliary system, specifically refers to inflammation of the gallbladder, often due to infection or obstruction by gallstones. Choledocholithiasis refers to the presence of gallstones in the common bile duct, which can lead to complications like cholangitis but is not itself an infection. A liver abscess, on the other hand, is a localized collection of pus within the liver tissue typically due to infections that can originate from bacteria, amoebas, or other pathogens, but it is distinct from biliary tract infections. Understanding these distinctions is important in correctly identifying and treating conditions related to the biliary system.