PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

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What is NOT a differential diagnosis for anorexia?

Gastroenteritis
Hematemesis
Gastric cancer
Pneumonia

The correct answer is: Hematemesis

Hematemesis, which refers to vomiting blood, is primarily a symptom rather than a condition that can lead to anorexia. Anorexia, characterized by a lack of appetite, can arise from various underlying conditions that may not directly cause bleeding or vomiting. In contrast, gastroenteritis, gastric cancer, and pneumonia are conditions that can significantly affect appetite and lead to anorexia either through metabolic changes, direct effects on gastrointestinal function, or systemic illness. Gastroenteritis typically causes nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, which can result in a decreased desire to eat. Gastric cancer may cause obstruction or alter metabolic pathways, leading to poor appetite and weight loss. Pneumonia, as an infection, can make a person feel unwell, therefore reducing appetite. In essence, while hematemesis can imply a serious condition, it does not itself function as a direct cause of anorexia, making it the choice that does not fit within the differential diagnoses for anorexia.